Natasha Crawley :)
Pass one. Incidents are graded into one of four categories. - Emergency response-Grade 1 -Priority response-Grade 2 -Schedule response-Grade 3 -Resolution without deployment-Grade 4 GRADE 1 An emergency will be accessed as grade one if an incident has the following: - Danger of life - Use, or immediate threat of use, of violence. - Serious injury to a person. - Serious damage to property. GRADE 2 An emergency will be accessed as grade two if an incident has the following: - There is genuine concern for some body's safety. - An offender has been detained - A witness or other evidence is likely to be lost. - At a road collision, there are injuries or a serious obstruction. - A person involved is upset or vulnerable. - Force policy mandates a specific response. - Hate crime. - The matter reported is one designated to be local priority requiring a priority response. GRADE 3 An emergency will be accessed as grade three if an incident has the following: - The response time is not critical in apprehending offenders. - The matter is service oriented and a better quality of initial police action can be taken if it is dealt with by:
Pass 2
The initial actions, roles and responsibility of the emergency services when the enter an incident is to first cordon of the area to stop any evidence being tampered with, then see to any injuries if there are any, collect any evidence that might be needed in court to find out if people were the reason for the incident or whether it was actually just a driver error. they then need to clean the road/ area to make it suitable for other motor vehicles.
Pass 3 An emergency service driver must make sure he gets to the scene quickly and safely. To do this; for example an ambulance driver, they would have flashing blue lights so that everyone knows that there has been emergency. this way the ambulance doesn't get caught up in traffic and when speeding won't cause a collision leaving another accident to deal with. the ambulance however can only use the flashing blue lights when they are:
Merit 3
if an officer was to be sleep deprived due to the workplace shifts regime then they could not go to an incident because of the risk of accident such as: The adverse effects associated with shiftwork and irregular working hours include:
- A Pre-arranged police response by a police officer or by other appropriate resources.
- Attendance at a police clinic or surgery.
- Telephone
- Written advice
- ask questions off of a database of frequently asked question.
Pass 2
The initial actions, roles and responsibility of the emergency services when the enter an incident is to first cordon of the area to stop any evidence being tampered with, then see to any injuries if there are any, collect any evidence that might be needed in court to find out if people were the reason for the incident or whether it was actually just a driver error. they then need to clean the road/ area to make it suitable for other motor vehicles.
Pass 3 An emergency service driver must make sure he gets to the scene quickly and safely. To do this; for example an ambulance driver, they would have flashing blue lights so that everyone knows that there has been emergency. this way the ambulance doesn't get caught up in traffic and when speeding won't cause a collision leaving another accident to deal with. the ambulance however can only use the flashing blue lights when they are:
- At the scene of the emergency
- When they are responding to an emergency
- When they need to let other drivers know that they need to pass them.
- When they want want people to know that there has been a hazard on the road.
- So that there can be an investigation as to how the incident occurred in the first place.
- To preserve evidence. if the evidence is lost then the police would not be able to do a full investigation to find out what occurred at the incident.
- if the emergency people where to touch the crime scene then it would make it very hard to conduct an investigation into how the incident occurred. the forensic scientists would have to take the DNA of all the emergency service people to exclude them from the evidence files. This is time wasting.
- Closing the scene area so that no contamination's can occur.
- If there is any evidence which could later be used in court or be useful to the investigation then they may want to take samples. They would do this by putting evidence in little bags.
Statutory agencies are responsible for keeping the law and making sure that it is followed accordingly and responsible for the UPS deliveries. This means that the local authority, health service such as paramedics and ambulance also the police are obligated by law to provide there services to the community.
Voluntary agencies may assist the response during a major incident or provide support by either psychological help or aiding on the persons effected after they have been in an incident.
Some of the known voluntary agencies are:
- British Red Cross
- CRUSE Bereavment Care
- RAYNET - The Radio Amateurs' Emergency Network
- Samaritans
St John - Victim Support
- WRVS
Pass 6
Staff have to follow a certain set of guidance rules for dealing with an emergency incident. they have to pay particular attention to sections in the policy statement on:
Risk assessment;the reporting of accidents, incidents and near misses;procedures in the event of an emergency during a visit.
All staff have to attend a training course so that they have basic knowledge of safety when dealing wityh an incident. the training course is called the PST(personal safety training) course.
PST is presented in two separate modules: level 1 (Tactical Communications) and level 2 (Unarmed Defensive Tactics). PST instructors now exist in each district. As well as offering the two levels of training in their district they are a source of information on personal safety issues in both the enforcement environment and at ports. In addition to PST, chapter 19 of the IS Health and Safety Guidance Manual (HSGM) provides additional advice on personal safety. Officers trained to arrest team standard will have undertaken a further level of training in the area of personal safety and they have separate instructions for operating without the police.
There are many procedures that an officer has to take to make sure that they and others around them are safe. such as:
- Each officer has to be issued with a mobile phone (fully charged). they must also make sure that it is working order and communicate back to base in case of any emergencies or problems.
- When an officer is carrying out a pastoral/marriage visit then they have to accompanied by another officer. the interviewing officer can not go by themselves.
- Communication procedures must be established prior to the visit and all officers must be aware of each one. All devices have to be checked for accuracy.
- Dress with awareness of what could be used to harm you or others and the need to move quickly and safely.
- Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) has been issued and must be worn by all officers on all operational visits. The specific operational risk assessment of the visit will indicate whether the PPE should be worn covertly or overtly.
- other equipment can be worn if it meets the criteria in a certain measurement of an incident. if an incident does come under this criteria then the additional PEE must be worn.
- The OIC must ensure that a critical incident management plan is in place and has been communicated to all officers before going to the incident.
- Secure the sdcene to make sure no evidence is destroyed and then preserve the evidence for further investigation
- Divert traffic away from an incident in the most convenient of ways.
- Take evidence away for further investigation and then try and identify the cause of the incident.
- An officer may have to investigate corpse if it is a more serious incident to determine course of death. if the course was not the damage from the incident then they may be looking for a person to arrest as the cause of death, I.E murder.
- To save life through search and rescue.
- They are also there to prevent fires from happening by installing fire alarms and by issuing safety procedures.
- They also prevent the spread of fire to other residents.
- To find ,identify, monitor and manage hazardous equipment.
- protect the environment and to return the the area back to normality as quickly and safely as possible.
- Provide treatment, care and stabilisation to Poeple who are injured during an incident
- have the appropriate staff with them i.e those for driving and for CPR and other skills which might be necessary for the incident.
- They have to Interpret what the patient will need from the hospital so that when they are driving to the hospital they can then tell them in advance what they need so the hospital can ready.
- They need to drive quickly but safely to make sure the patient gets there quick enough for just incase they need treatment urgently.
- The most important thing they have to do is do their best to save the life of the patient.
•Scene preservation means the police can obtain any vital evidence which can be used in court as evidence to who’s fault the accident was. Preserving the scene means the police can collect vital evidence from the scene. This contributes to an investigation because with collect vital evidence they can then find out who’s fault it actually was.
•With the special equipment the different public services have, they can minimise contamination. This means they will be able to collect vital evidence and bring the offender to justice.
•The service provision of specialist units is vital because to preserve the evidence you will have to wear and use special equipment in order to not contaminate it. This means you will be able to investigate why the incident occurred using evidence from the scene.
•By seeing what made the incident happen (providing it was an accident) then the public services can tell the councils how to improve the safety. Scene preservation helps because they will be able to find out how the incident occurred.
Service provision of specialist units
•The emergency services have special types of clothing to protect them from anything that is harmful from different emergency incidents. These items of clothing are called personal protective equipment (PPE). To some of the emergency services the PPE is common, where as with other emergency services PPE is exclusive.
•Ambulance PPE :-
•Disposable aprons and overalls for the splattering of blood onto the body.
§Protective overalls for the risk of severe contamination.
§A face mask so the risk of transmitting a contagious disease is reduced.
§Eve protection to protect against any blood or dirt that may enter the eye.
§Ear defenders where the noise is too loud.
§Fire service PPE:-
§Suits, gloves and gloves to protect them from the fire.
§Helmets to protect them from fires and buildings collapsing.
§Self contained breathing apparatus for the use in smoky buildings.
§Goggles to protect the eyes.
§Decontamination suits.
§Police PPE :-
§Fire suits for some special units.
§Riot gear.
§Protective headwear and goggles.
§All of the three services have to wear high visibility jackets when on any scene, as part of the health and safety.
All staff must be aware of the content of the local (level 4) health and safety policy statement.
Particular attention should be paid to the sections in the policy statement on:
_ risk assessment;
_ the reporting of accidents, incidents and near misses;
_ procedures in the event of an emergency during a visit.
Staff should also have attended the relevant Personal Safety Training (PST) course.
PST is presented in two separate modules: level 1 (Tactical Communications) and level 2 (Unarmed Defensive Tactics). PST instructors now exist in each district. As well as offering the two levels offensive Tactics). PST instructors now exist in each district. As well as offering the two levels of training in their district they are a source of information on personal safety issues in both the enforcement environment and at ports. In addition to PST, chapter 19 of the IS Health and Safety Guidance Manual (HSGM) provides additional advice on personal safety. Officers trained to arrest team standard will have undertaken a further level of training in the area of personal safety and they have separate instructions for operating without the police.
There is more to dealing with an emergency incident then just what the officers have to when they get to the scene they also have to be aware of things going off in the workplace to decide who is more likely to get the job done quickest and most effectiove. they also have to:
- Identify the hazards.
- Decide who may be harmed and how.
- Evaluate the risks and decide the control measures necessary.
- Record the findings.
- Review the assessment from time to time and revise it if necessary.
- increased risk of accidents and injuries caused by sleep debt and fatigue.
- increased risk to physical health caused by disruption to biological rhythms and disturbed eating patterns.
- increased risk to mental health caused by disruption to biological rhythms and working unsociable/extended hours.
- increased exposure to other occupational hazards such as chemicals, heat, noise, poor lighting, manual handling and violence.
Distinction 1
There are more then just emergency services that turn up to an emergency incident and they too have different roles and responsibilities. other then just th police, fire and rescue and the ambulance service there are also: - Highway agency: They will put out signs to say there has been an accident and give diversions, they will also put out cones.
- Local Authority: This is the council they will help the highway agency to put out cones and to make sure that all the diversion and warning signs are displayed correctly and to make sure that the diversions actually go to the relevant road to avoid the collision.
- HM Coroner: He/She is like a judge to say whether a person has died because of the result of the emergency incident or because of other reasons. they are only called to the scene if there has been a death occur. They will give the victim an autopsy and collect evidence from the scene. This will help towards the investigation which is why it is crucial to protect and maintain evidence, (securing and preserving evidence to prove or disprove a crime).
- Environment agency: if there was to be a petrol or diesel leak then the environment agency would have to be made aware of this to prevent it from running into any local streams or rivers and destroying the environment, or killing of habitats and the animals in them.
- Utility company's: if there was a reported leak in one of the pipes under the road and a vehicle was on fire then it could make an explosion especially if the pipes under the road had gas in them. they would have to check all the pipes again to make sure there weren't any leaks and prevent the flames from reaching them if there was, the problem would need to be dealt with as soon as possible to prevent more injury.
- Road traffic specialists: they would know everything that needed to be done t prevent any more incidents and they would be efficient when it came to securing and preserving evidence to prove or disprove a crime.
- Health and safety executive: They have to follow the civil contingencies act 2004 legislation to make sure that all working on the scene are protected i.e. wearing the personal protective equipment (PPE).
They would make sure that the incident was accessed using IIMARCH and that the area was secured and preserved properly;
—I Information
—I Intention
—M Method
—A Administration
—R Risk Assessment
—C Communications
—H Human Rights
Searching and preserving
Start from a set point – RV
Search directed area
—Single line – supervisor behind line – ensuring search done correctly
—5-10 meters apart
Find something `hold the line`
—Secure evidence – start search sweep again
Keep silver up to date
Good comms skills
They will be constantly using the Gold,Silver and bronze command method which is:
—Gold Sets strategy
—Silver Implements Gold`s Strategy
—Bronze Actions it
(Resource from Bob Hopkins)
Distinction 2
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